XR rumored tias Apple tab tom tsim cov khoom siv XR hnav lossis nruab nrog OLED zaub.

Raws li kev tshaj tawm xov xwm, Apple xav tias yuav tso nws thawj qhov khoom siv augmented reality (AR) lossis virtual reality (VR) ntaus ntawv hauv 2022 lossis 2023. Feem ntau cov neeg muag khoom yuav nyob hauv Taiwan, xws li TSMC, Largan, Yecheng, thiab Pegatron. Apple tuaj yeem siv nws cov nroj tsuag sim hauv Taiwan los tsim qhov microdisplay. Kev lag luam cia siab tias Apple qhov kev siv txaus nyiam yuav ua rau kev tshem tawm ntawm kev lag luam txuas ntxiv (XR). Apple cov ntawv tshaj tawm thiab cov lus ceeb toom cuam tshuam nrog lub cuab yeej XR thev naus laus zis (AR, VR, lossis MR) tsis tau lees paub. Tab sis Apple tau ntxiv AR daim ntawv thov ntawm iPhone thiab iPad thiab pib ARKit platform rau cov neeg tsim khoom los tsim AR daim ntawv thov. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, Apple tej zaum yuav tsim ib qho khoom siv hnav XR, tsim kev sib koom ua ke nrog iPhone thiab iPad, thiab maj mam nthuav AR los ntawm cov ntawv thov kev lag luam rau cov neeg siv khoom siv.

Raws li cov xov xwm hauv Kaus Lim Kauslim, Apple tshaj tawm rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 18 tias nws tab tom tsim lub cuab yeej XR uas suav nrog "OLED zaub." OLED (OLED ntawm Silicon, OLED ntawm Silicon) yog cov zaub uas siv OLED tom qab tsim pixels thiab tsav tsheb ntawm silicon wafer substrate. Vim lub tshuab semiconductor, kev tsav tsheb ultra-precision tuaj yeem ua tau, txhim kho ntau pixels. Qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo ib yam yog ntau pua pixels ib nti (PPI). Hauv qhov sib piv, OLEDOS tuaj yeem ua tiav txog ntau txhiab pixels ib nti PPI. Txij li thaum XR cov cuab yeej saib ze ntawm lub qhov muag, lawv yuav tsum txhawb nqa kev daws teeb meem siab. Apple tab tom npaj rau nruab OLED zaub nrog siab PPI.

Lub tswv yim duab ntawm Apple headset (daim duab qhov chaw: Internet)

Apple tseem npaj yuav siv TOF sensors ntawm nws cov khoom siv XR. TOF yog lub sensor uas tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov deb thiab cov duab ntawm cov khoom ntsuas. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog kev muaj tiag virtual (VR) thiab augmented kev muaj tiag (AR).

Nws tau nkag siab tias Apple tab tom ua haujlwm nrog Sony, LG Display, thiab LG Innotek los txhawb kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb. Nws tau nkag siab tias txoj haujlwm txhim kho tab tom ua tiav; es tsis yog tsuas yog kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis, qhov ua tau ntawm nws txoj kev lag luam yog siab heev. Raws li Bloomberg Xov Xwm, Apple npaj yuav tshaj tawm XR cov khoom siv hauv ib nrab xyoo tom ntej.

Samsung tseem tab tom tsom mus rau cov khoom siv XR tiam tom ntej. Samsung Electronics nqis peev hauv kev tsim "DigiLens" lo ntsiab muag rau cov tsom iav ntse. Txawm hais tias nws tsis tau nthuav tawm cov peev txheej, nws yuav tsum yog cov khoom lag luam tsom iav nrog lub vijtsam infused nrog lub lens tshwj xeeb. Samsung Electro-Mechanics kuj tau koom nrog kev nqis peev ntawm DigiLens.

Kev sib tw Apple ntsib hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv coj los siv XR.

Wearable AR lossis VR cov cuab yeej suav nrog peb lub luag haujlwm ua haujlwm: tso saib thiab nthuav tawm, ntsuas qhov ntsuas, thiab suav.

Cov qauv tsim ntawm cov khoom siv hnav yuav tsum xav txog cov teeb meem cuam tshuam xws li kev nplij siab thiab kev lees paub, xws li qhov hnyav thiab qhov loj ntawm lub cuab yeej. XR daim ntawv thov nyob ze rau lub ntiaj teb virtual feem ntau xav tau lub zog siv ntau dua los tsim cov khoom siv virtual, yog li lawv cov kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb yuav tsum siab dua, ua rau muaj kev siv zog ntau dua.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cua kub dissipation thiab cov roj teeb hauv XR kuj txwv kev tsim qauv. Cov kev txwv no tseem siv tau rau AR cov khoom siv ze rau lub ntiaj teb tiag. Lub XR roj teeb lub neej ntawm Microsoft HoloLens 2 (566g) tsuas yog 2-3 teev. Txuas cov khoom siv uas siv tau (tethering) mus rau cov khoom siv sab nraud (xws li smartphones lossis cov khoos phis tawj ntawm tus kheej) lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv los ua kev daws teeb meem, tab sis qhov no yuav txwv kev txav ntawm cov khoom siv hnav.

Hais txog kev hnov ​​​​mob, thaum feem ntau VR cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg-khoos phis tawj, lawv qhov tseeb feem ntau yog nyob ntawm tus maub los ntawm lawv txhais tes, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev ua si, qhov twg qhov kev txav mus los yog nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas inertial (IMU). AR cov cuab yeej siv cov neeg siv khoom siv pub dawb, xws li kev paub lub suab ntuj thiab kev tswj xyuas taw tes. Cov khoom siv siab kawg xws li Microsoft HoloLens txawm muab lub tshuab tsis pom kev thiab 3D qhov tob-sensing ua haujlwm, uas kuj yog thaj chaw uas Microsoft tau zoo txij li Xbox launched Kinect.

Piv nrog rau cov khoom siv AR hnav, nws yuav yooj yim dua los tsim cov neeg siv interfaces thiab tso tawm cov lus nthuav tawm ntawm VR cov khoom siv vim tias tsis tas yuav xav txog lub ntiaj teb sab nraud lossis cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb nyob ib puag ncig. Tus tswj tuav tes kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv tau ntau dua los tsim dua li tus txiv neej-tshuab interface thaum liab qab. Handheld controllers tuaj yeem siv IMU, tab sis gesture sensing tswj thiab 3D qhov tob-sensing cia siab rau cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag thiab pom algorithms, uas yog, tshuab pom.

VR ntaus ntawv yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv los tiv thaiv lub ntiaj teb ib puag ncig los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov zaub. VR cov lus qhia tuaj yeem yog LTPS TFT kua siv lead ua kua, LTPS AMOLED cov lus qhia nrog tus nqi qis thiab lwm tus neeg muag khoom, lossis cov khoom siv silicon-based OLED (micro OLED) cov lus qhia. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog siv ib qho zaub (rau ob lub qhov muag sab laug thiab sab xis), loj npaum li lub xov tooj ntawm tes tso saib ntawm 5 ntiv tes mus rau 6 ntiv tes. Txawm li cas los xij, tus qauv tsim dual-saib (sib cais sab laug thiab sab xis ob lub qhov muag) muab qhov zoo dua qhov kev ncua deb (IPD) thiab saib lub kaum sab xis (FOV).

Tsis tas li ntawd, muab cov neeg siv txuas ntxiv mus saib cov duab tsim hauv computer, tsis tshua muaj latency (cov duab du, tiv thaiv qhov muag plooj) thiab kev daws teeb meem siab (tshem tawm cov nyhuv screen-qhov rooj) yog cov lus qhia txog kev nthuav dav. Cov zaub optics ntawm VR ntaus ntawv yog ib qho khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov yeeb yam thiab cov neeg siv lub qhov muag. Yog li ntawd, lub thickness (cov cuab yeej zoo li cas) yog txo thiab zoo heev rau optical designs xws li Fresnel lens. Cov nyhuv tso saib tuaj yeem nyuaj.

Raws li rau AR cov lus, feem ntau ntawm lawv yog silicon-based microdisplays. Cov thev naus laus zis suav nrog cov kua siv lead ua kua ntawm silicon (LCOS), cov teeb pom kev ua haujlwm digital (DLP) lossis cov khoom siv iav digital (DMD), Laser beam scanning (LBS), silicon-based micro OLED, thiab silicon-based micro-LED (micro-LED ntawm silicon). Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb ci ntsa iab, AR zaub yuav tsum muaj qhov ci ntsa iab siab dua 10Knits (xav txog qhov poob tom qab waveguide, 100Knits yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws). Txawm hais tias nws yog lub teeb ci tsis pom kev, LCOS, DLP thiab LBS tuaj yeem ua kom qhov ci ntsa iab los ntawm kev txhim kho lub teeb ci (xws li laser).

Yog li, tib neeg yuav nyiam siv micro LEDs piv rau micro OLEDs. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm colorization thiab manufacturing, micro-LED technology tsis yog li mature li micro OLED technology. Nws tuaj yeem siv WOLED (RGB xim lim rau lub teeb dawb) thev naus laus zis los ua RGB lub teeb-emitting micro OLEDs. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev yooj yim rau kev tsim cov micro LEDs. Cov phiaj xwm muaj peev xwm suav nrog Plessey's Quantum Dot (QD) xim hloov pauv (hauv kev koom tes nrog Nanoco), Ostendo's Quantum Photon Imager (QPI) tsim RGB pawg, thiab JBD's X-cube (ua ke ntawm peb RGB chips).

Yog tias Apple cov cuab yeej ua raws li kev yees duab pom-dhau (VST), Apple tuaj yeem siv cov tshuab micro OLED paub tab. Yog tias Apple lub cuab yeej ua raws li kev pom ncaj qha (optical see-through, OST) mus kom ze, Nws tsis tuaj yeem zam qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, thiab qhov ci ntawm micro OLED yuav raug txwv. Feem ntau cov khoom siv AR ntsib tib qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam, uas tej zaum yuav yog vim li cas Microsoft HoloLens 2 xaiv LBS tsis yog micro OLED.

Cov khoom siv kho qhov muag (xws li waveguide lossis Fresnel lens) xav tau rau kev tsim lub microdisplay tsis tas yuav ncaj nraim dua li tsim lub microdisplay. Yog tias nws yog raws li VST txoj kev, Apple tuaj yeem siv pancake-style optical tsim (ua ke) kom ua tiav ntau yam ntawm micro-display thiab optical li. Raws li OST txoj kev, koj tuaj yeem xaiv lub waveguide lossis birdbath pom kev tsim. Qhov zoo ntawm waveguide optical tsim yog tias nws daim ntawv zoo yog nyias thiab me dua. Txawm li cas los xij, waveguide optics muaj qhov ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog kho qhov muag rau microdisplays thiab nrog rau lwm yam teeb meem xws li distortion, uniformity, xim zoo, thiab sib piv. Lub diffractive optical element (DOE), lub holographic optical element (HOE), thiab lub reflective optical element (ROE) yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm waveguide pom kev tsim. Apple tau txais Akonia Holographics hauv 2018 kom tau txais nws cov kws tshaj lij kho qhov muag.